Orwell, George，原名Eric Arthur Blair。
英國小説家、散文家和評論家。1917（獲獎學金）～1921年在伊頓公學讀書，1922年到緬甸，擔任印度皇家警察。由於認識到英帝國的統治違反緬甸人民的意願，感到內疚，於1927年離開緬甸。他回到歐洲，自發地過着貧窮生活，根據生活經驗，他寫了《巴黎倫敦落魄記》（1933）。成為社會主義者。1936年去西班牙報導內戰，並留下來參加共和軍方面的民兵。他的戰爭經驗寫了《向加泰隆尼亞致敬》（1938），從此他一生畏懼共產主義。他的小説典型描寫具有敏感、良知和多愁善感的孤立個人對苦難和不公正的社會環境的不滿。他最着名的作品是反俄諷刺寓言小説《動物農莊》（1945）和《一九八四》（1949），極權主義的反面烏托邦，給他同時代和後來的讀者廣泛的影響。他的散文也受到人們的讚賞。他死於肺病。
1903～1950年
Orwell, George
British novelist, essayist, and critic. Instead of accepting a scholarship to a university, Orwell went to Burma to serve in the Indian Imperial Police 1922-27, an experience that changed him into a literary and political rebel. On returning to Europe, he lived in self-imposed poverty, gaining material for Down and Out in Paris and London (1933), and became a socialist. He went to Spain to report on the Spanish Civil War and stayed to join the Republican militia. His war experiences, which gave him a lifelong dread of communism (he would later provide British intelligence services with lists of his fellow British communists), are recounted in Homage to Catalonia (1938). His novels typically portray a sensitive, conscientious, emotionally isolated individual at odds with an oppressive or dishonest social environment. His most famous works are the anti-Soviet satirical fable Animal Farm (1945), and Nineteen Eighty-four (1949), a dystopic vision of totalitarianism whose influence was widely felt in the postwar decades. His literary essays are also admired. He died of tuberculosis.
